Bentonite ma'adinai ne maras ƙarfe tare da montmorillonite a matsayin babban ɓangaren ma'adinai.Tsarin montmorillonite shine nau'in crystal na nau'in 2:1 wanda ya ƙunshi tetrahedrons silicon oxide sandwiched tare da Layer na aluminum oxide octahedron.Saboda tsarin da aka yi da shi da montmorillonite crystal cell, akwai wasu cations, irin su Cu, Mg, Na, K, da dai sauransu, kuma hulɗar da ke tsakanin waɗannan cations da tantanin halitta na montmorillonite yana da rashin kwanciyar hankali, wanda ke da sauƙin zama. musayar ta wasu cations, don haka yana da kyawawan kaddarorin musayar ion.A kasashen waje, an yi amfani da shi a cikin fiye da sassan 100 a fannoni 24 na masana'antu da noma, tare da samfurori sama da 300, don haka mutane suna kiranta "ƙasar duniya".

Bentonite kuma ana kiransa bentonite, bentonite, ko bentonite.Kasar Sin dai na da dadadden tarihi wajen bunkasawa da yin amfani da bentonite, wanda asalinsa kawai ake amfani da shi a matsayin wanki.(Akwai budadden ma'adinai a yankin Renshou na Sichuan shekaru aru-aru da suka wuce, kuma mutanen yankin da ake kira bentonite kasa foda.).An yi amfani da shi sosai fiye da shekaru ɗari kawai.Farkon binciken da aka gano a Amurka shine a cikin tsohuwar ginshiƙi na Wyoming, inda yumbu mai launin rawaya-kore, wanda zai iya faɗaɗawa zuwa manna bayan ƙara ruwa, gaba ɗaya ake kira bentonite.A gaskiya ma, babban ma'adinai na bentonite shine montmorillonite, tare da abun ciki na 85-90%.Wasu kaddarorin na bentonite kuma ana ƙaddara su ta hanyar montmorillonite.Montmorillonite na iya ɗaukar launuka daban-daban kamar rawaya kore, farar rawaya, launin toka, fari, da sauransu.Yana iya haifar da dunƙule dunƙule ko ƙasa maras kyau, tare da zamewa a lokacin shafa da yatsun hannu.Bayan ƙara ruwa, ƙananan jiki yana faɗaɗa sau da yawa zuwa sau 20-30 a cikin ƙara, kuma ya bayyana a cikin ruwa.Lokacin da ruwa kadan, yana bayyana mushy.Kaddarorin montmorillonite suna da alaƙa da haɗin sinadarai da tsarin ciki.

Ƙasar bleached na halitta

Wato, farin yumbu da ke faruwa a zahiri tare da sifofin bleaching na asali fari ne, farin yumbu mai launin toka wanda ya ƙunshi montmorillonite, albite, da quartz, kuma nau'in bentonite ne.

Yawanci shine samfurin bazuwar dutsen dutsen mai aman wuta, wanda baya faɗaɗa bayan shayar da ruwa, kuma ƙimar pH na dakatarwa shine raunin acid, wanda ya bambanta da alkaline bentonite;Ayyukan bleaching ya fi na yumbu da aka kunna.Launukan gabaɗaya sun haɗa da rawaya mai haske, koren fari, launin toka, launin zaitun, launin ruwan kasa, farin madara, jajayen peach, shuɗi, da sauransu.Kaɗan kaɗan ne fararen fata.Girma: 2.7-2.9g/cm.Yawan da ake gani sau da yawa yana ƙasa da ƙasa saboda porosity.A sinadaran abun da ke ciki ne kama da na talakawa yumbu, tare da babban sinadaran aka gyara kasancewa aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, ruwa, da kuma wani karamin adadin baƙin ƙarfe, magnesium, calcium, da dai sauransu Babu plasticity, high adsorption.Saboda yawan abun ciki na hydrous silicic acid, yana da acidic zuwa litmus.Ruwa yana da saurin fashewa kuma yana da babban abun ciki na ruwa.Gabaɗaya, mafi kyawun fineness, mafi girman ikon decolorization.

A lokacin binciken, lokacin gudanar da kimanta ingancin, ya zama dole a auna aikin bleaching, acidity, aikin tacewa, sha mai, da sauran abubuwa.

Bentonite irin
Ma'adinan Bentonite ma'adinai ne mai amfani da yawa, kuma ingancinsa da filayen aikace-aikacensa galibi ya dogara da abun ciki da nau'in sifa na montmorillonite da kaddarorin sinadarai na crystal.Don haka, ci gaba da amfani da shi dole ne ya bambanta daga nawa zuwa nawa da kuma daga aiki zuwa aiki.Misali, samar da yumbu da aka kunna, alli bisa tushen sodium, hakowa grouting don hakowa mai, maye gurbin sitaci azaman slurry don jujjuya, bugu da rini, ta amfani da rufin bangon ciki da na waje akan kayan gini, shirya bentonite Organic, hada 4A zeolite. daga bentonite, samar da farin carbon baki, da sauransu.

Bambanci tsakanin tushen calcium da tushen sodium

Nau'in bentonite an ƙaddara ta nau'in interlayer cation a cikin bentonite.Lokacin da interlayer cation shine Na+, ana kiran shi bentonite tushen sodium;Calcium tushen bentonite ana kiransa lokacin da keɓaɓɓen keɓaɓɓen ke Ca+.Sodium montmorillonite (ko sodium bentonite) yana da mafi kyawun kaddarorin fiye da bentonite tushen calcium.Duk da haka, rarraba ƙasa calcareous a duniya yana da nisa fiye da na ƙasa sodium.Sabili da haka, baya ga ƙarfafa binciken ƙasa na sodium, wajibi ne a gyara ƙasa mai laushi don ya zama ƙasan sodium.