Bentonite ma'adinai ne wanda ba na ƙarfe ba wanda galibi ya ƙunshi montmorillonite. Tsarin montmorillonite tsarin lu'ulu'u ne mai nau'in 2: 1 wanda ya ƙunshi silica tetrahedra guda biyu waɗanda aka yi musu sandwici tare da Layer na aluminum oxide octahedra. Saboda tsarin da aka yi da ƙwayoyin lu'ulu'u na montmorillonite, akwai wasu cations, kamar Cu, Mg, Na, K, da sauransu, kuma hulɗarsu da ƙwayoyin lu'ulu'u na montmorillonite ba shi da ƙarfi sosai, wanda yake da sauƙin musanya ta wasu cations, don haka suna da kyawawan kaddarorin musayar ion. A ƙasashen waje, an yi amfani da shi a sassa sama da 100 a fannoni 24 na samar da masana'antu da noma, tare da samfura sama da 300, shi ya sa mutane ke kiransa "ƙasa ta duniya".

Ana kuma kiran Bentonite da bentonite, bentonite, ko bentonite. China tana da dogon tarihi na haɓakawa da amfani da bentonite, wanda a da ake amfani da shi kawai a matsayin sabulun wanki. Akwai ma'adanai a yankin Renshou na Sichuan ɗaruruwan shekaru da suka gabata, kuma mazauna yankin suna kiran bentonite da foda mai yumbu. Ana amfani da shi sosai amma yana da tarihin sama da shekaru ɗari. Ganowar farko a Amurka ta kasance a cikin tsohon yanki na Wyoming, inda yumbu mai launin rawaya, wanda zai iya faɗaɗa zuwa manna bayan ƙara ruwa, galibi ana kiransa bentonite. A zahiri, babban ma'adinan bentonite shine montmorillonite, tare da abun ciki na 85-90%. Wasu kaddarorin bentonite suma montmorillonite ne ke tantance su. Montmorillonite na iya bayyana a launuka daban-daban kamar kore mai launin rawaya, fari mai launin rawaya, launin toka, fari, da sauransu. Yana iya samar da tubalan da yawa ko ƙasa mai laushi, tare da jin santsi lokacin da aka shafa da yatsu. Bayan ƙara ruwa, girman ƙananan tubalan yana faɗaɗa sau da yawa zuwa sau 20-30, yana bayyana a cikin yanayin dakatarwa a cikin ruwa, kuma a cikin yanayin manna lokacin da babu ruwa kaɗan. Halayen montmorillonite suna da alaƙa da sinadaran da ke cikinsa da kuma tsarinsa na ciki.

Laka mai aiki

Laka mai aiki wani abu ne mai shaƙar ruwa da aka yi da yumbu (galibi bentonite) a matsayin kayan danye, wanda ake yi wa maganin acidification na inorganic, sannan a wanke shi da busar da shi. Bayyanarsa fari ne mai madara, ba shi da ƙamshi, ba shi da ɗanɗano, ba shi da guba, kuma yana da ƙarfin shaƙar ruwa. Yana iya shaƙar abubuwa masu launi da na halitta. Yana da sauƙin shaƙar danshi a cikin iska, kuma sanya shi na dogon lokaci zai rage aikin shaƙar ruwa. Duk da haka, dumamawa zuwa sama da digiri 300 na Celsius yana fara rasa ruwan lu'ulu'u, yana haifar da canje-canje a tsarin kuma yana shafar tasirin shuɗewa. Laka mai aiki ba ya narkewa a cikin ruwa, abubuwan narkewa na halitta, da mai daban-daban, kusan yana narkewa gaba ɗaya a cikin soda mai zafi da hydrochloric acid, tare da yawan 2.3-2.5, da ƙarancin kumburi a cikin ruwa da mai.

Ƙasa mai launin ruwan kasa ta halitta

Farin yumɓun da ke faruwa a zahiri wanda ke da kaddarorin yin bleaching na ciki shine fari, fari, yumɓun toka wanda galibi ya ƙunshi montmorillonite, albite, da quartz, kuma nau'in bentonite ne.
Galibi samfurin ruɓewar duwatsu masu kama da dutse mai aman wuta, waɗanda ba sa faɗaɗa bayan sun sha ruwa, da kuma ƙimar pH na dakatarwar ya bambanta da na alkaline bentonite; Aikin bleaching ɗinsa ya fi muni fiye da na yumbu mai aiki. Launuka gabaɗaya sun haɗa da rawaya mai haske, fari kore, launin toka, launin zaitun, launin ruwan kasa, farin madara, ja peach, shuɗi, da sauransu. Akwai fararen fari kaɗan. Yawansu 2.7-2.9g/cm. Yawan da ake gani sau da yawa yana da ƙasa saboda porosity ɗinsa. Haɗin sinadarai yana kama da na yumbu na yau da kullun, tare da manyan abubuwan sinadarai sune aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, ruwa, da ƙaramin adadin ƙarfe, magnesium, calcium, da sauransu. Babu plasticity, tare da babban ƙarfin sha. Saboda yawan sinadarin hydrous silicic acid, yana da acidic zuwa litmus. Ruwa yana da saurin fashewa kuma yana da yawan ruwa. Gabaɗaya, mafi ƙarancin laushi, mafi girman ƙarfin canza launi.

Ma'adinan Bentonite
Bentonite ma'adinai ne mai amfani da yawa, kuma ingancinsa yana da yawa.