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Masana'antar rufe fuska ta duniya na fuskantar gagarumin sauyi zuwa ga tsarin da aka yi amfani da shi ta hanyar ruwa, wanda ke haifar da tsauraran ƙa'idoji na muhalli da kuma damuwar dorewar dorewa. A tsakiyar wannan sauyi akwai neman launuka masu inganci, kuma baƙin carbon ya fito a matsayin muhimmin sashi. Duk da haka, ƙirƙirar murfin da aka yi amfani da shi ta hanyar ruwa tare da launin baƙi mai zurfi yana haifar da ƙalubale na musamman, kuma a nan ne ƙarancin ɗankowar carbon ya shigo a matsayin abin da ke canza yanayin.

Rufin da aka yi da ruwa yana ƙara shahara saboda ƙarancin hayakin VOC (Volatile Organic Compound), kyawun muhalli, da sauƙin tsaftacewa. Duk da haka, haɗa baƙin carbon a cikin waɗannan tsarin sau da yawa yana haifar da ƙaruwar ɗanko na rufi, wanda ke haifar da rashin kwararar ruwa, rashin daidaiton samar da fim, da alamun goga marasa kyau. Ƙananan ɗanko na carbon black, wani nau'in musamman da aka haɓaka don magance waɗannan matsalolin, yana ba da mafita wanda ya haɗu da baƙin duhu mai zurfi tare da kyakkyawan sauƙin sarrafawa a cikin tsarin ruwa.

Babban fa'idar ƙarancin ɗankowar carbon baki a cikin rufin da aka yi da ruwa shine ikonsa na kiyaye ƙarancin ɗankowa koda a lokacin da ake ɗaukar nauyi mai yawa. Baƙin carbon na yau da kullun, tare da babban yankin samansa da ƙungiyoyin saman polar kamar carboxyl da hydroxyl, yana hulɗa sosai da ƙwayoyin ruwa. Wannan hulɗar tana samar da hanyar sadarwa wacce za ta iya ninka ko ninka girman murfin sau uku a ƙaramin nauyin 2-3%. Sabanin haka, ƙarancin ɗankowar carbon baki yana fuskantar sauye-sauyen saman ta amfani da surfactants marasa ionic kamar ethoxylated alcohols. Wannan gyare-gyaren yana rage hulɗar da ke tsakanin ruwa da baƙin carbon, yana rage yawan cajin saman carbon baki, tare da yuwuwar zeta yawanci yana farawa daga -20 zuwa -30 mV (ana auna ta ta hanyar watsa haske ta hanyar electrophoretic). Sakamakon haka, ana hana samuwar hanyar sadarwa, yana tabbatar da tsarin rufewa mai santsi da daidaito.

Misali na gaske daga wani kamfanin yin rufi a Amurka ya nuna ingancin ƙarancin ɗanɗano na carbon baki. Lokacin da aka gwada shi a cikin rufin gine-gine na acrylic mai ruwa a cikin nauyin 2.5%, ɗanɗanon murfin ya kasance a 350-400 cP (Brookfield, 60 rpm). Idan aka kwatanta, wannan rufin da aka yi da baƙin carbon na yau da kullun yana da ɗanɗano na 800-900 cP. Wannan raguwa mai mahimmanci a cikin ɗanɗano ya juya zuwa aikace-aikacen buroshi mai santsi da nadi, tare da busasshen fim ɗin bai nuna alamun goga ko yanayin bawon lemu ba.

Samar da fim wani muhimmin al'amari ne inda ƙarancin ɗanɗano na carbon ya fi kyau. Rufin da aka yi da ruwa ya dogara ne akan haɗakar ƙwayoyin polymer yayin aikin bushewa don samar da fim mai ci gaba da daidaito. Babban ɗanɗano na iya kawo cikas ga wannan tsari, wanda ke haifar da lahani kamar ramukan rami, ramuka, ko rashin mannewa. Yaɗuwar ƙarancin ɗanɗano na carbon baki ɗaya, wanda aka tabbatar ta hanyar centrifugal sedimentation, yana tabbatar da cewa barbashi baƙi na carbon ba sa hana haɗakar ƙwayoyin polymer. Busassun fina-finai da ke ɗauke da wannan ƙwararren baƙin carbon suna nuna saman santsi, tare da ƙimar kauri (Ra) na ≤0.5 μm (wanda aka auna ta hanyar profilometry), da kuma mannewa mai ƙarfi ga substrates. Misali, akan siminti, ƙarfin mannewa na ja zai iya kaiwa 6-8 MPa (ASTM D4541), idan aka kwatanta da 4-5 MPa ga fina-finan da ke da carbon baki na yau da kullun. A cikin rufin katako na ruwa, samuwar fim mai santsi ba wai kawai yana ƙara yawan ƙwayar itace ba har ma yana ba da ƙarewa mai ɗorewa, mai jure karce. Wani kamfanin kera kayan daki ya ba da rahoton kyakkyawan sakamako ta amfani da ƙarancin ɗankowar carbon black a cikin rufin katako na polyurethane da aka yi da ruwa, tare da kayan da aka gama suna nuna ƙyalli, har ma da baƙi wanda ke haskaka ƙwayar katako kuma ya jure wa zagayowar gogewa sama da 500 (ASTM D2486) ba tare da ya ɓace ko ya bare ba.

Halayen launi suna da mahimmanci a cikin shafa, kuma ƙarancin ɗanɗano na carbon baki yana ba da kyakkyawan aiki a wannan yanki. Tare da ƙarfin launin shuɗi mai yawa, yawanci 100-110% idan aka kwatanta da daidaitaccen baƙin carbon baki (wanda aka auna ta hanyar ASTM D2805), yana iya samun zurfin baƙin ciki a ƙananan lodi. Loda na 2-2.5% ya isa ya kai ƙimar L* na ≤12 (CIE Lab), yana biyan buƙatun ado na fenti na gine-gine da masana'antu. Rarraba girman barbashi mai ƙarancin ɗanɗano na carbon baki, yawanci a cikin kewayon 20-30 nm, yana tabbatar da launi iri ɗaya ba tare da ƙarancin launin da ba a so ba, yana guje wa launin ruwan kasa ko shuɗi wanda zai iya faruwa tare da matakan baƙin carbon marasa daidaituwa. Gwaje-gwajen yanayi masu sauri (ASTM G154) sun nuna cewa murfin acrylic na ruwa wanda ke ɗauke da ƙarancin ɗanɗano na carbon baki yana riƙe da kashi 80% na launinsu na asali (ΔE ≤2) bayan awanni 2000 na fallasa, yana da tasiri sosai akan fenti na baƙi na halitta, wanda ke riƙe da kashi 60% kawai na launinsu. Wannan kyakkyawan juriya ga yanayi ya sa ƙarancin ɗankowar carbon baki ya zama zaɓi mafi kyau ga fenti na waje da aka yi da ruwa, kamar fenti na bango na waje da shingen ƙarfe.

A fannin samarwa da samar da ƙarancin ɗankowar carbon, kula da inganci da tallafin fasaha sune mabuɗin. Akwai ma'auni na musamman da aka inganta don kemistri daban-daban na rufi. Waɗannan ma'auni suna da daidaiton halayen jiki, gami da yankin saman BET na 200-240 m²/g, ƙimar sha DBP na 90-100 cm³/100g, da kuma pH tsaka tsaki na 6.5-7.5 don guje wa shafar matsewar rufi. Kulawa mai ƙarfi na abubuwan ƙarfe masu nauyi, tare da gubar ≤0.0005% da arsenic ≤0.0003%, yana tabbatar da bin ƙa'idodin muhalli na duniya kamar LEED da Eurofins.

Kayan aiki suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tsarin samar da kayayyaki na ƙarancin ɗanɗano na carbon baki. Ana amfani da jakunkuna masu narkewar ruwa (kilogiram 25/jaka) don sauƙaƙe watsawa cikin sauƙi a cikin tsarin ruwa, kawar da buƙatar buɗe jakunkuna da rage haɗarin ƙura da gurɓatawa. Don samar da kayayyaki masu yawa, kwantena masu girma na kilogiram 500 waɗanda aka sanye da bawul ɗin fitarwa na ƙasa suna samuwa don ciyarwa ta atomatik. Tare da hanyar sadarwa ta jigilar kaya ta duniya wacce ke rufe manyan cibiyoyin masana'antar rufi a Turai, Asiya, da Kudancin Amurka, lokutan isarwa suna tsakanin kwanaki 12-25. Ƙungiyar bayan siyarwa tana ba da tallafi a wurin.

Lokacin Saƙo: Satumba-04-2025