Bentonite ma'adinai ne wanda ba na ƙarfe ba, tare da montmorillonite a matsayin babban ɓangaren ma'adinai. Tsarin montmorillonite tsarin lu'ulu'u ne mai girman 2: 1 wanda ya ƙunshi tetrahedrons biyu na silicon oxygen da kuma wani Layer na aluminum oxygen octahedron. Akwai wasu cations, kamar Cu, Mg, Na, K, a cikin tsarin da aka yi da ƙwayoyin lu'ulu'u na montmorillonite, kuma hulɗar da ke tsakanin waɗannan cations da ƙwayoyin lu'ulu'u na montmorillonite ba ta da ƙarfi sosai, wanda yake da sauƙin musanya ta wasu cations. Yana da kyawawan kaddarorin musayar ion. An yi amfani da ƙasashen waje a cikin sassa sama da 100 a fannoni 24 na samar da masana'antu da noma, tare da samfura sama da 300, don haka mutane suna kiransa "ƙasa ta duniya".

Bentonite yana da halaye masu zuwa:Laka mai aiki, Ƙasa mai yin bleach ta halitta, bentonite ta halitta, ma'adinin Bentonite, Calcium bentonite da sodium bentonite.